What is Geotechnical Engineering?

Geotechnical engineering is a branch of civil engineering that focuses on the behavior of earth materials, such as soil, rock, and groundwater, and their interaction with man-made structures. Geotechnical engineers use principles of soil mechanics, rock mechanics, and other related disciplines to design and build structures that are safe, stable, and durable.

Geotechnical engineering involves studying the physical properties of soil and rock, including their strength, stiffness, permeability, and compressibility. Geotechnical engineers also evaluate the impact of natural processes, such as earthquakes, landslides, and erosion, on the behavior of soil and rock.

Applications of geotechnical engineering include the design of foundations for buildings, bridges, and other structures; the design of retaining walls and embankments; the evaluation of the stability of slopes and excavations; and the assessment of the potential for liquefaction, settlement, and other soil-related hazards. Geotechnical engineering plays a critical role in ensuring the safety and stability of infrastructure and the built environment.